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Background&Objective: Primary dysmenorrhea is one of the common causes of absence from work place and life quality among women. According to some studies, fish oil administration results in production of weaker prostaglandin’s (PG) and reduces the severity of dysmenorrhea. The aim of this study is to experience the efficacy of fish oil on dysmenorrhea, which is a cheap drug and with low side effects. Materials&Methods: In this clinical trial, the students separated into two groups those affected with primary dysmenorrhea by referring to girls' high schools and complete the questionnaires. In the next stage randomly were selected two groups each group included 22 students with primary dysmenorrhea. In first group fish oil capsules and the other group placebo were recommended for duration of two months. These students were evaluated before drug recommendation, at the end of two months treatment and two months afterward. In these three stages pain severity by VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) system and pain duration by Cox scaling system were be recorded in each group. Results: There is not meaningfull statistically difference in the average age, age of menarche, menstrual condition (regular or irregular) and accompaniment with symptoms of PMS (premenstrual syndrome) between fish oil and placebo groups. Before recommendation of capsules the average of pain severity did not have a meaningful statistically difference between two groups. The average pain duration also had similar situation. After two months treatment, the average of pain severity (VAS) in fish oil group was significantly less than which in placebo group (p<0.05). Also the average of pain duration in fish oil group was less than which in placebo group with a statistical difference of (p<0.05). Moreover, two months after the end of treatment the average of pain severity (VAS) and pain duration (hour) had meaningfull statistically difference between fish oil and placebo groups and were less in fish oil group. Conclusion: As compared with placebo, the fish oil capsule after two months of consumption had a significant effect on reduction of pain severity and duration in primary dismenorrhea. Also two months afterward from the end of this clinical trial the effect was more than placebo.

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Background and Objective: The painful menstruation is one of the common disorders of ‎female sexual organ which is experienced by almost fifty percent of the women affected ‎by regular menstrual periods. The primary dysmenorrhea is referred to as the ‎menstrual pain in absence of undetectable pelvic disease which occurs usually during 2 years after first menstruation when ovulation is established. This study was done to investigate the effect of heat and vibration on primary dysmenorrhea. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial study carried out on 75 female students, aged 18-22 years old from Islamic Azad ‎University. Each subject evaluated for two menstrual cycles. At first cycle the participants received the routine pain-relief method. During the second cycle each of them applied combined heat-vibration device for ten minutes during ‎menstrual pain. Data collected using ‎questionnaire and pain visual analog scale and analyzed using SPSS-14, t student and Wilcoxon tests. Results: In contols, pain score was 5.34 and 4.09 prior and after routine intervertion, respectively (P<0.001). Also, in cases pain score significantly reduced from 5.34 to 3.44 after intervention by heat and vibration. In 8% of cases a slight redness was observed. Conclusion: This study showed that heat and vibration is more effective than routine intervention in pain during menstrual cycles.

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Background and Objective: Conventional treatments for primary dysmenorrhea are often associated with adverse effects, including nausea, headache, and dizziness, and may be contraindicated in certain cases. In Iranian traditional medicine texts, fennel is recommended for pain relief and the induction of menstruation; it also exhibits antiemetic and antinauseant effects. Valerian is a traditional Indian medicinal plant that has been utilized as a sedative, antispasmodic, and hypnotic agent. The present study aimed to determine the effects of fennel and valerian herbal medicines on relieving primary dysmenorrhea-induced pain.
Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 120 single girls with primary dysmenorrhea who referred to healthcare centers in Khomein, Iran, in 2019. The subjects were selected via a convenience sampling method and randomly allocated into the control, first intervention, and second intervention groups. The control group received mefenamic acid capsules (250 mg), the first intervention group received fennel capsules (30 mg of sweet fennel essential oil), and the second intervention group received valerian capsules (350 mg of plant root) over two consecutive menstrual cycles. Pain severity was measured using the visual analog scale (VAS) during two consecutive menstrual cycles prior to the intervention and two consecutive menstrual cycles following the initiation of the intervention (a total of four cycles).
Results: At the end of the study, the primary dysmenorrhea-induced pain severity significantly decreased in all three studied groups (P<0.05); however, this pain relief was significantly greater in the valerian-receiving group (the first intervention group) compared to the fennel-receiving (the second intervention group) and mefenamic acid-receiving (the control group) (P<0.05). The odds ratio (OR) of experiencing higher pain severity in the first and second intervention groups compared to the control group was determined to be 0.23 (95% CI: 0.07-0.72, P=0.013) and 0.51 (95% CI: 0.28-0.93, P=0.028), respectively.
Conclusion: Valerian and fennel herbal medicines can be utilized as effective alternatives with fewer adverse effects compared to mefenamic acid for relieving primary dysmenorrhea-induced pain.